Expectancy Theory (Vroom)

Vroom’s theory is a model that assumes that motivational strength is determined by the perceived probabilities of success.

Expectancy: One’s subjective belief or expectation that one thing will lead to another

A Basic Expectancy Model

One’s motivational strength increases as one’s perceived effort-performance and performance-reward probabilities increase the likelihood of obtaining a valued reward.

A Basic Expectancy Model

Relevance of Expectancy Theory to Managers

Employee expectations can be influenced by managerial actions and organizational experience. Training increases employee confidence in their efforts to perform. Listening provides managers with insights into employees’ perceived performance-reward probabilities.